Write a brief answer to the following questions. If you think it is necessary, you may use illustrations to support your answer.
Question 1
Explain Charles' law with its equation?
Question 2
Is Charles' law universally true? If not, what are its limitations?
Question 3
Give some real-life examples of Charles' law?
Question 4
Explain graphs of Charles' law?
Question 5
Can Charles' law be experimentally proven? If yes, write in a few words how would you?
Question 6
The volume of a fixed amount of gas is double under constant pressure. What happens to the temperature of the gas?
Question 7
How Charles' law and absolute zero are related?
Problems
Solve the following problems.
Problem 1
Hydrogen gas contracts at constant pressure from 1.00 L to 0.95 L. The initial temperature is 20 °C. Find the final temperature of the gas?
Problem 2
Carbon dioxide gas expands from 10.0 cm3 to 11.5 cm3. The final temperature is 45 °C. Determine the initial temperature if the expansion is isobaric?
Problem 3
The temperature of a gas changes from 25 °C to 80 °C. The final volume is 100 mL. Find the initial volume?
Problem 4
During transport of steam from one industrial vessel to another, temperature drops by 5 °C. The initial temperature is 120 °C. Assume the pressure remains constant. Find the final volume if the initial volume is 4.0 m3?
Problem 5
The volume of oxygen gas at 25 °C is 10 m3. If the volume of the gas is double, what will be its new temperature?
Problem 6
The volume of a balloon of helium is 0.75 L in Los Angles. The temperature in Log Angles is 13 °C. Find the volume of the balloon in Death Valley where the temperature is 51 °C? The pressure is constant at both places.
Los Angles to Death Valley
Problem 7
A gas occupies 22.2 mL at a temperature of 358 K. Find the new volume if the temperature is reduced to 220 K?
Problem 8
A student collects an experimental gas of a volume of 730 mL at 84 °C. What will be the temperature at 700 mL if the pressure is constant?
Problem 9
A sealed syringe dipped in icy water at a temperature of −12 °C. The volume of the air in the syringe at room temperature (20 °C) is 53 mL. What is the volume in the icy water?
Problem 10
An experiment is performed on a gas under constant pressure to studies its behaviour. The volume-temperature data for a fixed amount of the gas is recorded. The data is as follows:
Volume vs temperature experimental data
Volume (mL)
20.0
21.6
23.1
24.6
25.4
26.8
Temperature (° C)
−10
12
31
51
63
78
Find whether the gas obeys Charles' law by plotting the graph of volume vs temperature? If yes, determine absolute zero?
Problem 11
Find the missing quantity from the following data.
The graph of volume vs temperature is a straight line with a positive slope as expected. Hence, the gas obeys Charles' law.The graph is a straight line passing through the origin.The absolute zero temperature from the below graph is −271°C. It deviates from the actual value by 2.15 °C.The graph is a straight line passing making x-intercept at T = −271 °C.
